Assuntos
Analgésicos Opioides/administração & dosagem , Dor Pós-Operatória/tratamento farmacológico , Dente Impactado/cirurgia , Tramadol/administração & dosagem , Adulto , Analgésicos Opioides/sangue , Analgésicos Opioides/farmacocinética , Anestesia Local , Área Sob a Curva , Método Duplo-Cego , Esquema de Medicação , Feminino , Humanos , Injeções Intralesionais , Injeções Intramusculares , Masculino , Mandíbula/cirurgia , Dente Serotino/cirurgia , Medição da Dor , Dor Pós-Operatória/prevenção & controle , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Extração Dentária/efeitos adversos , Tramadol/sangue , Tramadol/farmacocinéticaRESUMO
The antibacterial efficacy of intracanal medication with calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2], 2% chlorhexidine gel (CHX), and a combination of both [Ca(OH)2/CHX] was assessed in teeth with chronic apical periodontitis. Thirty-three canals were instrumented, randomly divided into three groups, and medicated with either Ca(OH)2, CHX, or Ca(OH)2/CHX. Bacteriological samples obtained from the operative field and the root canals before (S1) and after instrumentation (S2) in the first treatment session, and after medication (S3) in the second session 1 week later, were assessed for bacterial growth, observed by turbidity and in agar plates, and viable colony-forming unit (CFU) counts. Bacterial growth and CFU counts decreased significantly from S1 to S2 (Mann-Whitney, p<0.05). Differences in growth and counts between S2 to S3 were not statistically significant for all three intracanal medication groups. It was concluded that the antibacterial efficacy of Ca(OH)2, CHX, and Ca(OH)2/CHX was comparable.
Assuntos
Bactérias Anaeróbias/efeitos dos fármacos , Hidróxido de Cálcio/farmacologia , Clorexidina/farmacologia , Periodontite Periapical/microbiologia , Irrigantes do Canal Radicular/farmacologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Doença Crônica , Contagem de Colônia Microbiana , Combinação de Medicamentos , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Nefelometria e Turbidimetria , Periodontite Periapical/terapia , Preparo de Canal Radicular/instrumentação , Preparo de Canal Radicular/métodos , Estatísticas não ParamétricasRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: In this study the effect of tramadol added to articaine on the duration of anesthetic effect in a mandibular blockade was evaluated. STUDY DESIGN: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial with patients experiencing pain after removal of an impacted mandibular third molar was conducted. Patients were randomly allocated into 2 groups: group C (n = 24), control (C), articaine 4%, 1:100:000 epinephrine, 1.5 cartridges (2.7 mL) and saline (1 mL) into surgical site; group T, articaine 4%, 1:100:000 epinephrine, 1.5 cartridges (2.7 mL) and tramadol (T) 50 mg (1 mL) into the surgical site. The difficulty of the removal procedure, duration of the operation, and sensory blockade were also evaluated. RESULTS: The duration of the anesthetic effect elicited by articaine in group T (246.0; 140-287) was significantly longer than that in group C (124.5; 79-154 min). CONCLUSION: Tramadol can be used as an adjunctive drug in the management of pain since it improves the quality of transoperative anesthesia.
